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Rocky Mountain ponderosa pine forest
The Rocky Mountain ponderosa pine forest is a forest plant community at an elevation of in the Rocky Mountains, in the U.S. state of Colorado. It is an important temperate coniferous forest ecoregion, including some endemic wildlife and grass species that are only found in this ponderosa pine (''Pinus ponderosa'') habitat.
==Ecology==
The vitality and regeneration of this ''Pinus ponderosa'' forest depends on ample seeds, adequate moisture, and a temperature of for germination and early survival. Once the seed germinates, it grows a tap root into the ground. This tree likes uneven aged stands and is shade intolerant. Management practices for the forest include group selection cutting and prescribed controlled burn fires. The bark of ponderosa pine is very thick so older trees can withstand fire to a certain extent. The Quaking aspen (''Populus tremuloides'') grow well in the forest. Sucker production after a fire is high (50,000 suckers per hectare) but survival is low. There is less canopy cover in a ponderosa pine community compared to a lodgepole pine (''Pinus contorta'') and spruce/fir community, resulting in more grasses, forbs, and shrubs. The high species richness in this community makes it preferred by grazing animals such as elk (''Cervus elaphus''), deer (''Odocoileus hemionus''), and moose (''Alces alces'').
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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